Hepatitis B and C

 IV and Coinfection with Hepatitis B and C

A virus causes liver illnesses known as hepatitis B and C. People with HIV
also, impact chronic viral hepatitis in
the United States because these illnesses can spread in the same manner as HIV.
People with HIV experience viral hepatitis at a higher rate of progression
with more liver-related health issues. One of the main causes of non-AIDS-related fatalities among
people with HIV is liver illness, which is connected to HBV or HCV.
Given the dangers of hepatitis. B or hepatitis C coinfection to the health of HIV patients, it's critical to be
aware of these dangers, take precautions. to avoid infection, be aware of your status, and, if necessary,
seek medical attention from a doctor who has
treating patients who are co-infected with HIV and either HBV or HCV.

How Are Hepatitis B and C Transmitted from One Person to Another?

The hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses spread to HIV:

by the same syringes, needles, and other injectable tools.

: Women who are pregnant can give these infections to their unborn children. Hepatitis C transmission to the unborn child is more likely in those who have both HIV and HCV.

Both viruses can spread, but the likelihood of HBV spreading is higher than that of HCV. Gay and bisexual males with HIV are most likely to send HCV through sexual contact.

The prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis are crucial components of HIV care.

Is Testing for Hepatitis Recommended for HIV Patients?

Yes. When someone is diagnosed with HIV and starts treatment, they should also be tested for HBV and HCV. A yearly test should be conducted on HIV-positive individuals

who have a history of hepatitis B or C risk factors.

Additionally, the Centers for Disease. Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the following steps for HCV screening:

screening perform once on all adults older than 18

screening of all expectant mothers at every stage of pregnancy

All individuals with risk factors should be tested, and those who continue to have a risk should be tested.

How Can Hepatitis B and C Be Prevent?

The most effective strategy to stop the spread of hepatitis B is vaccination. HBV vaccinations should be for HIV-positive individuals. who does not already have an active infection? All newborns, kids, and adults between the ages of 19 and 59 and those at a high risk of

contracting the disease are now advised to get the hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis B vaccination is available. in two series: a 3-dose series given over 6 months, and a 2-dose series given over 1 month. A two-dose combination vaccine is also

available that offers against both hepatitis A and B. Locate a vaccine close to you.

Hepatitis C

: There is no effective pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis for HCV, and

there is no vaccination either. One of the risk factors for hepatitis C is the usage of injection drugs. The best strategy for those who inject drugs to avoid contracting hepatitis

C is to always use fresh, sterile needles

or syringes, and never share the water, any drug preparation supplies, needles, or syringes. Syringe services (SSPs) and medication-assisted therapy (MAT) are two examples of community-based preventive

offer services and support to stop the spread of HCV. Despite the fact that there is a low risk of sexual transmission of HCV,

it has that using condoms to prevent unprotected sexual exposure lowers the risk of STIs.

Infections with HIV and hepatitis treated

Most persons with HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfections can receive adequate treatment. but, medical care can be, for those seeking medical professionals. who are knowledgeable

with managing both HIV infection and viral hepatitis.

Hepatitis B:

By inhibiting the virus, treatment for hepatitis B can prevent or delay liver

Hepatitis B therapy may need to be for the rest of your life, like HIV treatment. Some HIV drugs also work to treat hepatitis B. Your doctor will discuss the ideal treatment
plan for you if you have hepatitis B.
Hepatitis C: This condition is treatable. If neglected, it may result in fatal liver cancer, serious liver damage, or even death. But, fresh hepatitis C medications have been recent. Because they have fewer adverse effects and don't need an injection. these direct-acting antiviral therapies are far superior
o the earlier therapy options. With 8–12 weeks of oral therapy, these HCV therapies can cure 97% of patients, including those with HIV (pills). IV and Coinfection with Hepatitis B and C
A virus causes liver illnesses known as hepatitis B and C. People with HIV are
People with HIV experience viral hepatitis at a higher rate of progression and with
more liver-related health issues. One of the main causes of non-AIDS-related fatalities among people
with HIV is a liver illness, which is connected to HBV or HCV.
Given the dangers of hepatitis B or hepatitis C
coinfection to the health of HIV patients, it's critical to be aware to
of these dangers, take precautions to avoid infection. be aware of your status, and, if necessary,
seek medical attention from a doctor who has experience treating patients who are is
co-infected with HIV and either HBV or HCV.
How Are Hepatitis B and C Transmitted from One Person to Another?
The hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses spread to HIV:
by the same syringes, needles, and other injectable tools.
Women who are pregnant can give these infections to their unborn children. Hepatitis C transmission to the unborn child is more likely in those who have both HIV and HCV.
Gay and bisexual males with HIV are most likely to HCV through sexual contact.
The prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis are crucial components of HIV care.
Is Testing for Hepatitis Recommended for HIV Patients?
Yes. When someone is diagnosed with HIV and starts treatment, they should also be tested for HBV and HCV. A yearly test should be conducted on HIV-positive individuals. who has a history of hepatitis B or C risk factors?
Additionally, the Centers for Disease. Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the following steps for HCV screening:
the screening was performed once on all adults older than 18
screening of all expectant mothers at every stage of pregnancy
All individuals with risk factors should be tested, and those who continue to have a risk should be tested.
How Can Hepatitis B and C Be Prevent?
The most effective strategy to stop the spread of hepatitis B is through vaccination. HBV vaccinations should be for HIV-positive individuals who do not already
have an active infection. All newborns, kids, and adults between. the ages of 19 and 59, as well as those who are at a high risk of contracting the disease,
are now advised to get the hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis B vaccination is available in two series: a 3-dose series given over 6 months, and a 2-dose
series gave over 1 month. A two-dose combination vaccine is also available that offers against both hepatitis
A and B. Locate a vaccine close to you.
Hepatitis C: There is no effective pre-
or post-exposure prophylaxis for HCV, and there is no vaccination either. One of the risk factors for hepatitis C is the usage of injection drugs. The best strategy for those who inject drugs is to avoid contracting hepatitis. C is to always use fresh, sterile needles or syringes, and never share the water, any
drug preparation supplies, needles, or syringes. Syringe services (SSPs) and medication-assisted therapy (MAT) are two examples of community-based. that offer services and support to stop the spread of HCV. Despite the fact that there is a low risk of sexual transmission of HCV,
using condoms to prevent unprotected sexual exposure lowers the risk of STIs.
Infections with HIV and hepatitis treated
Most persons with HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfections can receive adequate treatment.
so those who are coinfect should seek out medical professionals who are knowledgeable
both HIV infection and viral hepatitis.

Hepatitis B: By inhibiting the virus,

treatment for hepatitis B can prevent or delay liver damage. Hepatitis B therapy may need to be for the rest of your life, similar to HIV treatment. Some HIV drugs also work to treat hepatitis B.

Your doctor will discuss the ideal treatment plan for you if you have hepatitis B.

Hepatitis C: This condition is treatable. If neglected, it may result in fatal liver cancer, serious liver damage, or even death. But, fresh hepatitis C medications have recently. Because they have fewer adverse effects and don't need an injection,

these direct-acting antiviral therapies are far superior to the earlier therapy options. With 8–12 weeks of oral therapy, these HCV therapies can cure 97% of patients, including those with HIV (pills).

Sometimes the flu can kill healthy people as well. Young children, the elderly, expectant mothers, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people,

as well as those with a compromised immune system or a chronic medical condition,

are among Victorians who are more at risk of developing serious.

Due to closed international borders

and social segregation measures,

Australia has seen low flu rates since the COVID-19 pandemic started. Yet, influenza started to spread more in Australia once borders were reopened in 2021. against the flu is essential for defending both you and others around you. Visit Stay healthy this winter for more information.

the signs of influenza (flu)

The following list of flu symptoms is the most typical:

abrupt onset of a high fever (38°C or above)

body aches (particularly in the head,

lower back, and legs), a dry cough, and feeling weak and exhausted (and not wanting to get out of bed).

Other signs include:

chills and a stinging in the eyes

appetite loss, a painful throat, and a blocked or runny nose.

If you have recently been in contact with someone who has the flu, you are even more likely to have it yourself.

detection of influenza (flu)

Only when a throat or nose swab has shown positive results can a doctor determine. whether a patient has influenza or another type of virus.

COVID-19 and influenza (flu) are different

The flu and COVID-19 might both have similar symptoms.

If you are flu-like symptoms and are unsure if COVID-19 testing is necessary. call the COVID-19 helpline at 1800 675 398 (available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week).

The following are signs of COVID-19 to look out for:

fever, chills, or sweats, as well as a loss or modification of taste or smell

shortness of breath, a painful throat, and a runny nose.

Other symptoms that some people may encounter include a headache.

What to expect when you get the flu (flu)

The flu's symptoms might appear and continue for several weeks. a flu episode looks like this:

Days 1-3: Fever, headache, aches, and pains in the muscles, weakness, a dry cough, sore throat, and a stuffy nose emerge

Day 4: The fever and muscle pains subside. It becomes more obvious if you have a hoarse voice. a dry or painful throat, a cough, or any suspected moderate chest discomfort. You could be out or uninspired.

Day 8: Lessening of symptoms. Coughing and fatigue could linger for one to two weeks or longer.

What about complications from the flu?

The flu can sometimes lead to serious sickness and consequences. Hospitalization and death may follow this.

Some pre-existing medical issues may worsen as a result of the flu.
For those in Victoria who are at a higher risk of serious flu-related, the flu vaccination is free:
youngsters 6 months to under 5 years old
expectant women who are
and Torres Strait Islanders, aged 6 months and older, during any stage of pregnancy
those who are 65 years of age and older. as well as those who are at least 6 months old and have medical disorders
that makes them more vulnerable to the flu's complications:
cardiac illness
persistent respiratory issues
persistent neurological disorders
circumstances that compromise immunity
diabetes and other metabolic conditions
kidney disease
6 months to 10-year-old kids taking long-term aspirin therapy.
How can I prevent getting the flu?
Everyone aged 6 months and older should receive influenza (flu) vaccine each year. The National Immunization Program provides free flu shots to those in. groups each year.
The flu shot offers a high level of protection
and can lessen symptoms in individuals who are still unwell, despite its limited efficacy.
The COVID-19 vaccine and the flu shot can be co-administered, or given on the same day, one after the other. There is no that these vaccinations to be out in time.
Using a face mask and keeping your hands clean can help lower your risk of getting the flu or spreading it to others.
Should I consult a doctor if I suspect I have the flu?
Anyone with flu-like symptoms
who is at a higher risk of developing a serious disease should visit their doctor as soon as possible.
Most healthy individuals who have the flu won't need to visit their doctor. Consult your doctor about getting tested for COVID-19 infection as flu symptoms. and COVID-19 symptoms are identical.
Try to rest, drink plenty of fluids, and manage your symptoms if you have the flu. You can recuperate and avoid being dehydrated doing this. The infection will off by your immune system, and symptoms will go away on their own.
Call ahead if you think you might need to see a doctor for your symptoms so they can confirm there
won't be anyone in a high-risk group present when you have your appointment.
When should I get medical help?
If you are worried or are at high risk of developing a serious infection, consult your doctor. In case you suffer any of the following signs, get medical help right away:
breathing issues chest pain
Sudden lightheadedness, disorientation, extreme vomiting, and fever with rash.
How can I prevent spreading the illness to others?
It is crucial that we all do our share to combat the flu and safeguard our healthcare system.
Besides receiving a flu shot, follow these 3 easy actions to avoid the virus from spreading:

Step 1 is to sneeze or cough into your elbow.

Make sure to cough or sneeze into your elbow if you feel a cough or sneeze coming on. The spread of harmful bacteria will down because it is a part of your body. that is less likely to touch other surfaces.

Step 2: wash your hands

One of the main ways that viruses spread is through our hands. The flu virus saliva, sneezes, coughs, and runny noses in undetectable droplets.

When people contact an infected surface, such as a lift button or a handrail.

flu viruses can survive there for up to 48 hours and spread to other people.

Wash your hands

with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. especially after using the restroom, sneezing, coughing, or blowing your nose in public. Use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not accessible. What is the flu (influenza)?

A viral infection of the respiratory system known as influenza (flu) is. contagious and can result in serious illness and sometimes fatal consequences (including pneumonia). Individuals of various ages. The most common way that the flu. is through inhaling virus-carrying droplets from coughs and sneezes.

Seasonal infections like the flu appear from April through September. Flu seasons vary from year to year in intensity and length. In Australia, it that the flu can cause more than 3,300 fatalities in a year with high influenza activity.

Sometimes the flu can kill healthy people as well. Young children, the elderly,

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people,

as well as those with a compromised immune system.

are among Victorians who are more at risk of

serious illnesses and flu-related complications.

Due to closed international borders and social

segregation measures, Australia has seen low flu rates since the COVID-19 pandemic started. But, influenza started to spread more in Australia once borders were reopened in 2021. Immunization against the flu is essential for

defending both you and others around you. Visit Stay healthy this winter for extra information.

the signs of influenza (flu)

The following list of flu symptoms is the most typical:

abrupt onset of a high fever (38°C or above)

body aches (particularly in the head, lower back, and legs), a dry cough, and feeling

weak and exhausted (and not wanting to get out of bed).

Other signs include:

chills and a stinging in the eyes

appetite loss, a painful throat, and a blocked or runny nose.

If you have recently been in contact with someone who has the flu, you are even more likely to have it yourself.

detection of influenza (flu)

Only when a throat or nose swab has shown positive results can a doctor determine whether

a patient has influenza or another type of virus.

COVID-19 and influenza (flu) are different

The flu and COVID-19 might both have similar symptoms.

If you are experiencing flu-like symptoms and are unsure.

call the COVID-19 helpline at 1800 675 398 (available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week).

The following are signs of COVID-19 to look out for:

fever, chills, or sweats, as well as a loss or modification of taste or smell

shortness of breath, a painful throat, and a runny nose.

Other symptoms that some people may encounter include a headache, and sore muscles.

What to expect when you get the flu (flu)

The flu's symptoms might appear suddenly and continue for several weeks. a flu episode looks like this:
Days 1-3: Fever, headache, aches, and pains in the muscles, weakness, a dry cough, sore throat, and a stuffy nose emerge.
Day 4: The fever and muscle pains subside. It becomes more obvious if you have a hoarse voice,
a dry or painful throat, a cough, or any suspected moderate chest discomfort. You could be out or uninspired.
Day 8: Lessening of symptoms. Coughing and fatigue could linger for one to two weeks or longer.
What about complications from the flu?
The flu can sometimes lead to serious sickness and consequences
Hospitalization and death may follow this.
Some pre-existing medical issues may worsen as a result of the flu.
For those in Victoria who are at a higher risk of serious flu-related consequences,
the flu vaccination is free:
youngsters 6 months to under 5 years old
expectant women who are Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander, aged 6 months and older, during any stage of pregnancy.
those who are 65 years of age and older, as well as those who are at least 6 months old and have medical
disorders that make them more vulnerable to the flu's complications:
cardiac illness
persistent respiratory issues
persistent neurological disorders
circumstances that compromise immunity
diabetes and other metabolic conditions
kidney disease
hematological conditions
6 months to 10-year-old kids taking long-term aspirin therapy.

How can I prevent getting the flu?
Everyone aged 6 months and older should receive influenza (flu) vaccine each year. The National Immunization Program provides free flu shots to those in the group.
The flu shot offers a high level
of protection and can lessen symptoms. in individuals who are still unwell, despite its limited efficacy.
The COVID-19 vaccine and the flu shot can be co-administered, or given on the same day, one after the other. There is no rule that these vaccinations be spaced out in time.
Using a face mask and keeping your hands clean can help lower your risk of getting the flu or spreading it to others.
Should I consult a doctor if I suspect I have the flu?
Anyone with flu-like symptoms
who is at a higher risk of developing a serious disease should visit their doctor as soon as possible.
Most healthy individuals who have the flu won't need to visit their doctor. Consult your doctor about getting tested
for COVID-19 infection as flu symptoms and COVID-19 symptoms are identical.
Try to rest, drink plenty of fluids, and manage your symptoms if you have the flu. You can recuperate and avoid being dehydrated doing this. The infection will off by your immune system, and symptoms will go away on their own.
Call ahead if you think you might need to see a doctor for your symptoms so they can confirm
there won't be anyone in a high-risk group present when you have your appointment.
When should I get medical help?
If you are or are at high risk for developing a serious infection, consult your doctor. In case you suffer any of the following signs, get medical help right away:
breathing issues chest pain
Sudden lightheadedness, disorientation, extreme vomiting, and fever with rash.
How can I prevent spreading the illness to others?
It is crucial that we all do our share to combat the flu and safeguard our healthcare system.
Besides receiving a flu shot, follow these 3 easy actions to avoid the virus from spreading:
Step 1 is to sneeze or cough into your elbow.
Make sure to cough or sneeze into your elbow if you feel a cough or sneeze coming on. The spread of harmful bacteria will be
down because it is a part of your body that is less likely to touch other surfaces.
Step 2:andwash your hands
One of the main ways that viruses spread is through our hands. The flu virus saliva, sneezes, coughs, and runny noses in undetectable droplets.
When people contact an infected surface,
such as a lift button or a handrail, flu viruses can survive there for up to 48 hours and spread to other people.
Wash your hands
with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after using the restroom, sneezing,
coughing, or blowing your nose in public. Use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not accessible.